by Bergqvist | Jan 1, 2014
In today’s world of advancing technologies, more and more information is being generated, stored and distributed by electronic means. This requires many competition agencies to increase the use of digital evidence gathering as a frequent or standard tool in their...
by Bergqvist | Apr 24, 2013
This work product updates Chapter 4, of the ICN Investigative Techniques Handbook for Merger Review (the Handbook), “The Role of Economics and Economic Evidence in Merger Analysis”. The Handbook was presented by the Merger Working Group (MWG) at the 2005 ICN Annual...
by Bergqvist | Apr 1, 2013
The term ―exclusive dealing is generally used to describe an arrangement through which an upstream seller‘s goods are sold to a distributor or retailer under the condition that the distributor or retailer does not sell similar competing products. The term exclusive...
by Bergqvist | Jan 1, 2013
This chapter is intended to be a reference for competition agencies that are undertaking international cooperation or information sharing in the course of anti-cartel investigations, and is not intended to be a comprehensive guide. The ICN Anti-Cartel Enforcement...
by Bergqvist | Apr 1, 2012
The Unilateral Conduct Working Group’s (“UCWG”) Report on Predatory Pricing provides specific guidance on this topic.3 It reports the responses of thirty-four ICN Members and six non-governmental advisors to a UCWG questionnaire and takes into account the approaches...